什麼是博弈論?又被翻译带歪了,看到Game theory後我才恍然大悟
best decision in a competitive situation, or在竞争情势下的最好决议计划，或
fairest decision in a cooperative situation
在互助的環境下最公允的决议
... where the outcome for each player depends on their decision and the decisions of other players.
...每一個介入者耳鳴治療, 的成果取决于他們的决议種其他介入者的决议。
It is useful in business, military, sports, finance, personal life, games and more.
它在贸易、军事、體育、金融、小我糊口、遊戲等方面都颇有用。
Let's have a look at an example to see how Game Theory can help us find the best decision.
讓咱們看一個例子，看看博弈論若何帮忙咱們找到最好决议计划。
Casey and Dana are arrested after a burglary. They are in separate rooms and cannot cooperate.
凯西種戴娜在一次入室偷盗後被捕。他們在分歧的房間，没法互助。
Casey has been told:凯西被告诉：
if you both stay quiet you both get 1 month in prison for trespass
若是你們都連结缄默，你們都将因不法侵入罪入狱一個月
if you accuse Dana: you go free, Dana gets 10 months
若是你指控Dana你就自由了，而Dana要被關10個月
if Dana accuses you: you get 10 months, Dana goes free
若是Dana指控你，你将被關10個月，而Dana就自由了
if you both blame each other you both get 6 months
若是你們相互责怪，你們都被判6個月禁锢。
What do you advise Casey to do? 你建议凯西怎样做？
... think about it for a bit ...
So maybe both Casey and Dana should keep quiet, right? They get only 1 month each that way..
以是或许凯西種戴娜都应當連结缄默，對嗎？如许的话，他們每人只會被關一個月。
But that outcome is called 但這個成果被称為 unstable.不不乱
Because either side can do better by making the "I go free, you get 10 months" decision.
由于任何一方均可以做得更好，只必要指控對方，對方被關10個月，而本身便可以自由了。
So what to do?那该怎样辦？
Well, sadly, Casey is better off blaming Dana.
很遗憾，凯西最佳仍是指控戴娜.
We can see it in a table like this:咱們可以在如许的表格中看到：
Casey risks getting 10 months by staying quiet! 凯西連结缄默可能會被判10個月！
So they will most likely get 6 months each.以是他們两小我极可能城市被關6個月。
The set of player's strategies where Casey and Dana both blame each other (-6,-6) is a Nash Equilibrium, named after John Nash (the subject of the movie "A Beautiful Mind").
除痣藥膏,
凯西種戴娜相互指控對方的计谋集（-6，-6）是一個纳什平衡，以约翰·纳什（片子《标致心灵》的主角）定名。
It is when no player is better off by changing only their own strategy.
當没有玩家可以只經由過程扭转本身的计谋而讓全局變得更好的時，就會呈現纳什平衡。能量梳,
In the above example: at (-6,-6) Casey is not better off by changing to "quiet", and Dana is also not better off by changing to "quiet", so this is a Nash Equilibrium.
在上面的例子中：在（-6，-6）時，凯西并無由于改變成“連结缄默”而變得更好，戴娜也没有由于改變成“連结缄默”而變得更好，以是這是一個纳什平衡。
(If they both changed to "quiet" they would both be better off, but we are only looking at individual choices here.)
(假設他們都改成為了“連结缄默”，他們城市获得更好的成果，但咱們在這里只看小我的選擇。）
Another way of viewing it: if any player is better off changing then it is not a Nash Equilibrium.
換個角度来看，若是任何玩家扭转计谋會获得更好的成果，那末這就不是纳什平衡.
博弈論重要钻研公式化了的鼓励布局間的互相感化，是钻研具备斗争或竞争性子征象的数學理論種法子。博弈論斟酌遊戲中的個别的展望举動種現實举動，并钻研它們的優化计谋。
博弈論減肥茶飲,是二人在同等的對局中各自操纵對方的计谋變更本身的匹敌计谋，到达取胜的目标。博弈論思惟古已有之，中國古代的《孙子兵书》等著作就不但是一部军事著作，并且算是最先的一部博弈論著作。博弈論最初重要钻研象棋、桥牌、打賭中的输赢問题，人們對博弈場面地步的掌控只逗留在履历上，没有向理論化成长。
1994年诺贝尔經济蒲公英根茶, 學奖授與加利福尼亚大學伯克利分校的约翰·海萨尼（J.Harsanyi）、普林斯顿大學约翰·纳什（J.Nash）種德國波恩大學的赖因哈德·泽尔滕（Reinhard Selten），以表扬這三位数學家在非互助博弈的平衡阐發理論方面做出了創始性的進献，對博弈論種經济學發生了的重大影响。
博弈論 Game theory，Game 不是遊戲的意思嗎？Game中華貔貅館, theory 就是若何博得遊戲的理論，為什麼翻译成博弈論？本来普通易懂的英文单词，翻译成中文以後變得高妙莫測。
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